Official Bylaws of  the Green Party of the United States

Table Of Contents

Article I. Purpose
Article II. Membership and The National Committee
Article III. Committees
Article IV. The Steering Committee
Article V. Voting Rules
Article VI. Selection, Election, and Removal of Officers
Article VII. Ethical Standards

Originally Approved January 29, 2002
Updated: April 19, 2004

Article VI updated January 05, 2005
Updated text with CC to NC and GPUS conversions September 3, 2005

Article V updated May 08, 2006
Updated: INSERT DATE HERE

Article II updated July 15, 2005
proposal #158
Restoration of Proxy Voting at National Meetings

Article II update April 15, 2007
proposal #272
Allocation of Delegates to the Green National Committee amended August 12, 2007, w/ proposal #303
Amendment to Article II of proposal #272

Article VI updated June 18, 2006
proposal #222
Resolution to Amend the Rules and Procedures on Steering Committee Elections Policy

Article VI updated April 2, 2006
proposal #216
Steering Committee Recall

ARTICLE I. PURPOSE

1. Assist in the development of State Green Parties
2. Create a legally structured national Green Party Federation

ARTICLE II. MEMBERSHIP AND THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE

1. Definitions

The term "state" as used in these bylaws shall refer to any state, commonwealth, district or territory entitled to voting representation or non-voting delegate status in the United States House of Representatives.

The term "underrepresented group" as used in these bylaws shall refer to any grouping of Greens, not explicitly ideological in nature, that has historically failed to attain adequate access to power in society at-large and/or within the Green movement, as determined by the National Committee.

2. National Committee

The National Committee of the Green Party of the United States shall consist of the representatives of state parties and accredited caucuses of underrepresented groups.

The National Committee shall be the final decision-making body of the Green Party of the United States and shall be responsible for approving a deliberative platform process of discussion, debate, and decision-making at the local and state levels leading to a national platform vote by the delegates at the presidential nominating convention.

The presidential nominating convention of the Green Party is the delegated decision-making body responsible for nominating the national Green Party's presidential and vice presidential candidates and approving the Green Party's national platform.

Meeting of the National Committee and the nominating convention may be attended by Greens who are not voting representatives or delegates.

A delegate to the National Committee may cast an additional vote at a National Conference in place of an absent delegate, as long as the total number of votes cast for that state does not exceed its total allowed votes on the National Committee, or twice the number of voting delegates in attendance.

The apportionment to the various state parties and caucuses of delegates to the National Committee shall be determined by rules established by the National Committee and incorporated into a Rules document separate from these Bylaws. (see http://gp.org/cgi-bin/vote/propdetail?pid=345)

3. Sustaining Membership

Individuals may become sustaining members of the Green Party of the United States by paying dues set by the National Committee on a sliding scale based on ability to pay. Members of state parties shall be actively encouraged to become sustaining members of the Green Party of the United States. Sustaining members shall receive the Association's publications and other benefits as determined by the National Committee.

ARTICLE III. COMMITTEES

"The National Committee of the Green Party of the United States shall establish standing committees and may create other committees according to need. The NC shall cause to be produced, and then approve a document for each committee including the purpose, duties and general charge of the committee, as a part of the process of creating a committee.

The Steering Committee shall be responsible for oversight for all committees and ensure that the NC is kept informed about the work of the committees.
Delegates to the NC shall automatically be eligible to serve on committees by virtue of their position. Other committee members shall be members of a state green party and have written permission from their state party to serve. Permission shall be submitted by the NC delegates or State Party co-chairs from the various states to the co-chairs of the relevant committee, and can be submitted on paper or via email. No state shall have more than three members per committee without a waiver from the Steering Committee. No committee shall have fewer than five states represented.

There shall be three categories of activity for GPUS committees:

1. MEMBERS - Committee Membership shall be defined as being a voting member of a committee who may take part in all decision making. Committee members shall be selected by their committees according to individual committee P&Ps. All committee members shall be approved by their respective state parties according to written, democratically derived state party rules that ensure full and open due process.

2. ADVISORS - It shall be at the discretion of committees to select advisors. Advisor status shall be determined by individual committees in their P&Ps . Anyone may serve as a committee advisor. Advisors shall enjoy limited participation in committee deliberations as determined by committees' written P&Ps . Advisors shall not be voting members of a committee, shall not formally introduce proposals and shall not represent either the committee or the party. Advisors shall serve one-year terms and will be eligible for re-election. State parties shall be free to express objections to committees regarding specific advisors. Such objections shall be considered by committee members in their deliberations.

3. OBSERVERS - Committee approved observers may monitor the listserv activity of a committee but cannot participate in discussions or votes. Observers must be approved by committees according to their P&P documents.

Furthermore, committees may communicate with individual Greens on an as needed basis on specific matters of mutual import.

All committees shall:

1. develop written rules, policies and procedure (RP&P) documents which must be approved by the National Committee.
   
   
2. use consensus-seeking procedure with backup voting for all decision making, and codify the procedure in their RP&Ps.
   
   
3. when voting, vote by state with each state casting one vote. The NC or the SC may, in their reviews of the work of a committee, allow a committee to waive the one state, one vote rule and replace it with a one member, one vote standard.
   
   
4. codify RP&Ps used to conduct general committee business and, when appropriate, codify rules for decision making via conference calls, email, and/or in-person meetings.
   
   
5. report to the NC on a regular basis and set up a schedule for written reporting, with monthly reports being the standard unless otherwise approved by the NC.
   
   
6. develop policies and procedures by which minority opinions on committee business that relate to the internal workings of the Green Party may be conveyed to the NC.
   
   
7. have two co-chairs unless directed to have a different number by the NC. Gender balance and co-chairs from different states shall be the norm, though under extraordinary circumstances committees may choose another arrangement.
   
   
8. detail all non-co-chair leadership position (e.g. secretary, coordinators etc.) in the committee's RP&P document.
   
   
9. conduct elections for leadership slots using preference voting and codify election procedures in their RP&P document.
   
   
10. participate in a biannual review of committee RP&Ps conducted by the BRPP, which shall report to the NC on each committee's procedures.
    
    
11. develop and make available to all members of the committee a packet including all rules, policies and procedures and provide other training and orientation, as appropriate, for new members. This material shall also be available on the committee website.
    
    
12. set up guidelines for member participation, with an emphasis on ensuring participation as a requirement of membership and/or participation in consensus decision making or quorum voting.

ARTICLE IV. THE STEERING COMMITTEE

The Steering Committee (SC) of the Green Party of the United States shall be composed of nine members: seven co-chairs, a Secretary, and a Treasurer. Co-chairs shall be selected from and elected by the National Committee (NC) of the Green Party of the United States for terms of two years, with a limit of two consecutive terms.

The secretary and the treasurer shall be drawn from the membership of the affiliated state Green Parties and shall serve two year terms without term limits.
The SC shall coordinate the activities of the standing committees and ad hoc committees that may be formed.
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Figure 1: ORGANIZATION CHART (doc)

As seen in Figure 1, the SC shall organize using a "portfolio" approach, via which individual designated members of the SC shall coordinate various natural groupings of GPUS Committees. As new committees are added, the SC shall decide which portfolio they naturally belong in. Input from the co-chairs of the new committee will be solicited.

Following each year's SC elections the SC shall organize with all but the secretary, the treasurer and two co- chairs coordinating "portfolio" groups of committees. The remaining two co-chairs shall be utilized at the pleasure of the SC. These two co-chairs may serve as coordinating overseers of the entire Steering Committee (as detailed in Figure 1), may directly assist a portfolio-assigned SC member in their oversight of groupings of committees or the SC may take any alternative approach.
In addition, although the recommended five portfolio structure does not include portfolio assignments for Secretary and Treasurer, this shall not preclude assignment(s) of portfolios to these two SC positions if, at the time of organization or reorganization, the SC feels it is beneficial to assign certain committees for portfolio coordination to the Secretary and Treasurer.

Grouping of committees shall be determined at the pleasure of the SC as circumstances dictate, using the following groupings as a template for natural groupings.

I. Internal Coordinator:
a. Personnel Committee
b. Accreditation Committee
c. Bylaw, Rules, Policies and Procedures (BRPP)
d. Communications Committee
e. Event Planning Committee

II. Outreach Coordinator
a. Media Committee
b. Green Pages
c. Merchandise Committee

III. Electoral Coordinator
a. Coordinated Campaign Committee (CCC)
b. Office Holder network
c. Presidential Exploratory Committee

IV. Policy Group Coordinator
a. Platform Committee
b. International Committee
c. Diversity Committee

V. Finance Coordinator
a. Fundraising Committee
b. Finance Committee

Although consensus decision making on the yearly organizational structure of the SC is preferable, the SC may if necessary, by 2/3 vote, initiate a different organizational structure at the time of each yearly post-election organization. The SC may also alter the organizational scheme at any time by consensus, or 2/3 vote if consensus is not achieved.

Responsibilities of the portfolio-holding co-chairs shall include:

1. Maintenance of communications with committee co-chairs and, when applicable, other committee designees regarding tasking of the committee, receiving work product and assuring quality and accuracy of work product.
   
   
2. Eliciting and receiving written reports from committees for distribution to the NC.
   
   
3. Assuring smooth and efficient functioning of committees by working with committee co-chairs and members.
   
   
4. Tracking and participating in day-to-day committee activities via listservs and meetings.
   
5. Facilitating work of the committee co-chairs, and communications with, the rest of the SC, NC and other committees.
   
   
6. Informing the SC of activities and carrying out directive of the SC as they affect the committees in the co-chair's portfolio.
   
   
7. Carrying out all directives from the NC and or SC, as may be received from time to time.
   
   
8. Assuring compliance with all internal Committee Policies and Procedures.
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ARTICLE V. VOTING RULES

The National Committee shall strive for consensus in decision making. If consensus is not possible, decision shall be passed by majority vote with the required presens quorum and the required consens quorum.

Presens quorum: In order for a decision to pass, at least one delegate from each of two-thirds of the states must be present.

A delegate is "present" when:

• (physical meeting:) he or she is physically at the location (in the room) where the vote is taken at the time the vote is taken; or
  
  
• (phone or web conference:) he or she is connected live to all other participants at the time the vote is taken; or
  
  
• (email voting:) he or she submits to the floor manger within the voting period a vote or an abstention.

Consens quorum: In order for a decision on rules, by-laws, and platform issues  to pass, a two-thirds (2/3) majority of all votes cast is required. For all other decision, a simple majority (more than 50%) of all votes cast  is required. A majority can be reached in a run-off vote or by the use of  instant-run-off procedures. 

Abstentions are not "votes" for purpose of this sections; therefore an  abstention shall count towards the presens quorum, but shall be disregarded  for purposes of the consens quorum.

For proposals that provide options other than "yes" and "no," all delegates  shall be given the additional option of casting a vote for "none of the  above." "None of the above" cast by a delegate shall be a "vote" for purposes  of this section. 

ARTICLE VI. SELECTION, ELECTION, AND REMOVAL OF OFFICERS

A. Nomination

At least two months before a national Green Party gathering, the Secretary of the GPUS shall ask members of the National Committee for nominations for the various offices. One month shall be given for all nominations to be submitted. Once all the nominations have been received by the secretary, candidates shall submit a short biography online for all delegates to read  at least two weeks before the convening of the next Green Party gathering. Nominations will reopen at a specified part of the Agenda at the Annual National Committee Meeting. The official nomination and announcement of candidates and the elections will be held on separate days during the Green Party annual meeting. 

B. Vacancies

Any vacancy in the offices of co-chair, treasurer or secretary shall cause the SC to call for an on line election to be held immediately upon confirmation of the vacancy, to be completed within six weeks of the call for election, with a nomination period of three weeks to be followed by a two- week discussion period and a one-week vote.

C. Method of Election

1. SC co-chairs shall be elected using Single Transferable Voting (STV, also known as choice voting and preference voting), with a fractional Droop threshold (the number of votes divided by the sum of the number of seats to be filled and one [votes/(seats+1)]) and fractional transfers. A candidate must pass the Droop threshold in order to be elected.

2. The Secretary and Treasurer shall be elected separately using Instant Runoff Voting (IRV, also known as single-seat STV or single-seat choice voting). A candidate must pass a majority threshold of all ballots to be elected.
(see Preference Voting Rules for Steering Committee elections)

D. Recall

1. A proposal to recall a member of the Steering Committee may only be brought forward by delegates at least equal in number to one-fifth of the number of recognized National Committee delegates, with at least one-fifth of the total number of GPUS-accredited state parties and caucuses each represented by at least one delegate. The proposal may include as a background section a formal grievance upon which the recall is being  pursued.  

2. Any proposal introduced to recall more than one Steering Committee member will be divided for voting purposes into separate proposals such that there will be a separate vote for each person potentially subject to recall. 

3. The proposal shall be allotted three weeks for discussion and one week for voting. Discussion shall begin within one week of the Steering Committee confirming that the proposal has requisite support. The vote will be conducted online, even if a national meeting falls within the specified window. Quorum shall be two-thirds of accredited state parties and caucuses, and the threshold for recall shall be two-thirds. 

4. If the NC votes to recall one or more Steering Committee members, the remaining SC members shall declare a vacancy or vacancies in accordance with the terms of this article. 

5. If the NC votes not to recall a Steering Committee member, the individuals who brought the recall proposal forward may not bring new recall proceedings against the same Steering Committee member until 90 days after the completion of the aforementioned recall vote. 

ARTICLE VII. ETHICAL STANDARDS

The Green Party accepts that it cannot order the internal politics of its member states. Even so, the Green Party does have a vested interest in ensuring that the internal politics of the Green Parties of the member states meet the highest ethical standards and adhere to Green Values. The Green Party therefore urges member states to:

1. In theory and practice commit to having a membership and leadership reflective of the diversity of the human population within their own states.

2. Commit to opposing racism, sexism, ageism, classism, discrimination against the differently-abled, and other forms of prejudice within the State Green Party and in the larger society.

The Green Party recognizes that winner-take-all/first-past-the-post electoral practices serve to maintain an outdated power structure and prevent members of minority groups from having an adequate impact on policy decisions or serving in leadership position.

Therefore the Green Party urges member states to:

1. Use proportional representation, as organizational capability develops, to elect their internal leadership and their delegates to the Green Party and/or Green conventions.

The Green Party recognizes that there are a multiplicity of proportional representation voting systems. As long as the form employed is fair, honest, and does honor the principles that encourage the participation that hold minority viewpoints, are members of minority groups, or are from the various geographic regions of the state, the Green Party shall not discriminate against any of the forms chosen by state parties when examining the applications for membership of newly-joining states or in its dealings with the current membership.

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